OAP scientists develop best management practices for alternative crops evaluating management strategies and technologies to increase the productivity and profitability of forage or other short-season cropping systems to reduce or eliminate water withdrawals. Projects include:
Title:
Improving Profitability of Guar as an Alternative Crop for Dryland Production
Abstract:
Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.) is a heat- and drought-tolerant legume crop capable of being grown with minimal or no irrigation in West and Central Texas, Oklahoma, and eastern New Mexico. No data are available for suitability of guar production in Kansas. Our preliminary data show that guar is most profitably grown dryland or with minimal irrigation which gives its production potential to expand and fill an important niche.
U. S. guar production is typically <10% of industry needs. TX acreage averages 40,000 ac annually year, and could potentially be expanded significantly. Challenges facing expansion include low crop yield potential, susceptibility to disease, and significant loss of the gum-containing endosperm in milling, and limited data on range suitable for production. Additionally, there is a lack of data on production economics, unpredictability of rainfall in dryland cropping, potential use of guar for forage.
This project will address these challenges by (1) testing potential new varieties that can be released as newer, more profitable cultivars, and (2) analyze production economics.
Investigators:
Mark Burow md.burow@ttu.edu
Calvin Trostle c-trostle@tamu.edu
Donna McCallister donna.mccallister@ttu.edu
Waltram Ravelombola waltram.ravelombola@ag.tamu.edu
Doohong Min dmin@ksu.edu
Research Areas:
Alternative Crops BMPs
Dryland Cropping Systems
Policy/Economic Viability
Title:
Evaluation of Perennial Forages for Limited Irrigated Southern Great Plains Forage Systems
Abstract:
As regional ground water supplies decline, producers are considering adaptive forage systems that use less water than irrigated corn to stabilize groundwater withdrawals. This will also help meet forage needs for the fed beef and dairy industry across the southern Ogallala region of the SW Texas Panhandle and Eastern New Mexico – the epicenter of the largest concentration of these operation in the U.S.
Due to water and forage shortages, many regional dairies are evaluating herd sizes or considering relocating, which has the potential to negatively impact rural economies. Stocker grazing operations and finished beef producers are also evaluating alternative forage options. Deficit irrigated perennial forages such as bermudagrass may minimize irrigation pressures, sustain regional stocker production, ensure adequate groundwater for livestock operations, and allow producers to concentrate water on higher water demanding crop to optimize the economic return per unit of water. Perennial forages may also sequester soil carbon and generate an additional revenue stream for producers. Because soil can be a source of greenhouse gases and a sink for carbon depending on management, soil carbon and greenhouse gas emissions will be quantified to accurately determine carbon sequestration, GHG emission change, and income potential. This research will evaluate the forage production of winter hardy bermudagrass cultivars compared to perennial grass species recommended by NRCS to 1) quantify forage yields, nutritive value, water use, and water use efficiencies of evaluated perennial forages, 2) quantify changes in soil carbon stocks and labile carbon and nitrogen parameters, 3) quantify the economic costs or benefits of perennial forages in SGP croplands, and 4) quantify greenhouse gas emissions (CO2, CH4, and N2O) from forage treatments.
Investigators:
Jourdan Bell Jourdan.bell@ag.tamu.edu
Ken Casey kdcasey@ag.tamu.edu
Kevin Heflin kevin.heflin@ag.tamu.edu
Andrew Wright Andrew.wright@ag.tamu.edu
Research Areas:
Alternative Crops BMPs
Irrigation Efficiency
Policy/Economic Viability
Title:
Collaborative Research on Cotton Production in Thermo-limited Regions of the High Plains
Abstract:
Cotton acreage has increased substantially in both Texas and Kansas over the last four years. If the growth trend continues, cotton may become one of the primary crops in these states. Several reasons for the expansion include the availability of improved short-season varieties, reduced water availability, and potential profitability of the crop. Cotton production could generate several positive benefits for the producer, the rural community, and the Ogallala Aquifer. Thus, a thorough examination of these impacts is warranted. In addition, the dissemination of knowledge concerning cotton agronomics, water management, entomology, and economics is necessary to assist producers in making informed decisions and implement best management practices.
Specifically, this research effort will conduct long-term research for irrigated cotton production in thermo-limited regions of the northern Texas Panhandle and Southwest Kansas by:
- developing cotton production recommendations through a multi-disciplinary systems approach in thermo-limited regions;
- transferring technology and expanding the expertise in cotton research being conducted in the Texas area to Southwest Kansas; and
- creating an industry advisory group to provide input regarding our research objectives and outcomes.
Investigators:
Jonathan Aguilar jaguilar@k-state.edu
Jourdan Bell Jourdan.bell@ag.tamu.edu
Craig Bednarz cbednarz@wtamu.edu
Bill Golden bgolden@k-state.edu
Bridget Guerrero bguerrero@wtamu.edu
Lucas Haag lhaag@ksu.edu
Haydee Laza haydee.laza@ttu.edu
Gary Marek gary.marek@usda.gov
Thomas Marek Thomas.marek@ag.tamu.edu
Donna McCallister donna.mccallister@ttu.edu
Dana Porter d-porter@tamu.edu
Glen Ritchie glen.ritchie@ttu.edu
Aleksey Sheshukov ashesh@ksu.edu
Andrew Wright Andrew.wright@ag.tamu.edu
Research Areas:
Alternative Crops BMPs
Dryland Cropping Systems
Irrigation Efficiency
Policy/Economic Viability
Presentations:
